ECONOMÍA

Estados Unidos anuncia la retirada de los aranceles del 10% sobre el aluminio de Canadá

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El Gobierno de Estados Unidos ha anunciado este martes la retirada de los aranceles aplicados al aluminio canadiense, poco antes de que Ottawa desvelara un paquete de medidas en respuesta a la decisión de Washington de gravar estas importaciones.

La Oficina del Representante Comercial de Estados Unidos (USTR) ha indicado en un comunicado que "después de las consultas con el Gobierno canadiense, Estados Unidos ha determinado que es probable que el comercio de aluminio en bruto sin alear se normalice en los últimos cuatro meses de 2020″.

Así, ha manifestado que se espera que "las importaciones declinen drásticamente de los incrementos experimentados a principios de año" y ha añadido que "se espera que la importación mensual media disminuya un 50% respecto al periodo entre enero y julio".

"En línea con ello, Estados Unidos modificará los términos de los aranceles del diez% impuestos en agosto a la importación de aluminio en bruto sin alear", ha resaltado la USTR en su comunicado, publicado a través de su página web.

De esta forma, ha incidido en que Washington "reiniciará el tratamiento sin aranceles del aluminio en bruto sin alear de forma retroactiva desde el 1 de septiembre", antes de agregar que "seis semanas después del fin de cualquier mes durante este periodo, Estados Unidos determinará si las importaciones han cumplido las expectativas".

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"Si las importaciones exceden el 105% del volumen esperado para cualquier mes durante el periodo de cuatro meses, Estados Unidos impondrá aranceles del diez% de forma retroactiva a todos los envíos realizados ese mes", ha advertido.

Por último, ha incidido en que "Estados Unidos consultará con el Gobierno canadiense a finales de año para revisar el estado del comercio de aluminio a la luz de los patrones comerciales durante este periodo de cuatro meses y las condiciones de mercado esperadas para 2021″.

El presidente estadounidense, Donald Trump, impuso tasas sobre el acero y el aluminio importados de todo el mundo en 2018, aludiendo a motivos de seguridad nacional. Después, en mayo de 2019, retiró los impuestos a Canadá argumentando que ambos países habían encontrado "medios alternativos satisfactorios para hacer frente a la amenaza de menoscabo de la seguridad nacional" que representaban las importaciones de aluminio de Ottawa.

Como parte del acuerdo, Estados Unidos y Canadá establecieron un "proceso de monitorización" del comercio de acero y aluminio entre ellos y, en caso de que las importaciones aumentaran de forma "significativa", se abría la puerta a imponer un arancel del 25% al acero y del 10% al aluminio.

Sin embargo, según el mandatario estadounidense, "las importaciones de aluminio en bruto sin alear procedentes de Canadá (…) aumentaron sustancialmente en los doce meses siguientes" a su decisión de excluir a Ottawa del impuesto, por lo que reimpuso los aranceles en agosto.

Tras el anuncio, el primer ministro de Canadá, Justin Trudeau, avanzó que Ottawa adoptará "contramedidas" en respuesta a la reimposición del impuesto y ha precisado que estas incluirán "aranceles de represalia dólar por dólar", si bien Canadá ha declinado hacerlo tras el anuncio de la USTR.

La ministra de Finanzas y vice primera ministra canadiense, Chrystia Freeland, ha aplaudido el anuncio de Washington y ha dicho que "lo último que canadienses y estadounidenses necesitan en medio de esta pandemia (de coronavirus) es una guerra comercial", según ha informado la cadena de televisión canadiense CBC.

Por último, ha avanzado que la decisión de no aplicar medidas en respuesta a los aranceles estadounidenses queda igualmente en suspenso. "Si se reimponen los aranceles, Canadá responderá con unos aranceles dólar por dólar perfectamente recíprocos", ha argüido.

Fuente: Economiahoy.mx

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